双地震带的影响因素探讨   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

张克亮  魏东平 《地球物理学报》2011,54(11):2838-2850

讨论了全球39个俯冲带内的双地震带层间距、应力类型与俯冲参数的相互关系,这些俯冲参数包括动力学参数(板块年龄、热参数、板片拉力)、运动学参数(俯冲板块速度、上覆板块运动速度、海沟迁移速度、弧后形变特征)、几何形态参数(浅俯冲角、深俯冲角、俯冲深度、长度)及上覆板块性质等.结果表明:(1)I型双地震带易形成于年龄较古老(...  相似文献   

2010年2月27日智利Mw8.8地震前全球地震活动特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

薛艳  刘杰  李纲 《地震学报》2011,33(3):292-303

通过对智利地震前全球不同时空范围地震活动特征分析,发现:①智利地震前出现了两类地震空区:第一类空区为1900年以来形成的360 km长的Mw≥8.0地震空段,第二类空区为震前5年形成的780 km长的M≥5.5地震空段;②1986-2010年,智利中南部仅发生1次Mw7.1地震,表现为显著的Mw≥7.0地震平静异常;③...  相似文献   

岐口海洋地震观测台的建设     

孙路强  栗连弟  卞真付  贺同江  岳秀侠 《地震地磁观测与研究》2011,32(2):81-84

天津市建设项目"海上地震观测试验系统",是"十五"期间天津数字地震观测网络项目中的重点实验任务,该项目的建设将有效提高渤海海域地震监测能力,为天津经济社会发展建设、为滨海新区开发开放提供服务.通过建设海洋地震台,提高了天津市测震台网在渤海地区的监控能力,对于海啸预警能力也大有提高.  相似文献   

Stream-coordinate structure of oceanic jets based on merged altimeter data     

孙澈  张林林  闫晓梅 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(1):1-9

The jet structure of the Southern Ocean front south of Australia is studied in stream-coordinate with a new altimeter product—Absolute Dynamic Topography (ADT) from AVISO. The accuracy of the ADT data is validated with the mooring data from a two-year subantarctic-front experiment. It is demonstrated that the ADT is consistent with in-situ measurements and captures the meso-scale activity of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Stream-coordinate analysis of ADT surface geostrophic flows finds that ACC jets exhibit large spatio-temporal variability and do not correspond to particular streamfunction values. In the circumpolar scope ACC jets display a transient fragmented pattern controlled by topographic features. The poleward shift of jet in streamfunction space, as revealed by a streamwise correlation method, indicates the presence of meridional fluxes of zonal momentum. Such cross-stream eddy fluxes concentrate the broad ACC baroclinic flow into narrow jets. Combined with a recent discovery of gravest empirical mode (GEM) in the thermohaline fields, the study clarifies the interrelationship among front, jet and streamfunction in the Southern Ocean.  相似文献   

Oceanic climatology in the coupled model FGOALS-g2: Improvements and biases   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林鹏飞  俞永强  刘海龙 《大气科学进展》2013,30(3):819-840

The present study examines simulated oceanic climatology in the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model, Grid-point Version 2 (FGOALS-g2) forced by historical external forcing data. The oceanic temperatures and circulations in FGOALS-g2 were found to be comparable to those observed, and substantially improved compared to those simulated by the previous version, FGOALS-g1.0. Compared with simulations by FGOALS-g1.0, the shallow mixed layer depths were better captured in the eastern Atlantic and Pacific Ocean in FGOALS-g2. In the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, the cold biases of SST were about 1°C–5°C smaller in FGOALS-g2. The associated sea ice distributions and their seasonal cycles were more realistic in FGOALS-g2. The pattern of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) was better simulated in FGOALS-g2, although its magnitude was larger than that found in observed data. The simulated Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) transport was about 140 Sv through the Drake Passage, which is close to that observed. Moreover, Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) was better captured in FGOALS-g2. However, large SST cold biases (>3°C) were still found to exist around major western boundary currents and in the Barents Sea, which can be explained by excessively strong oceanic cold advection and unresolved processes owing to the coarse resolution. In the Indo-Pacific warm pool, the cold biases were partly related to the excessive loss of heat from the ocean. Along the eastern coast in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the warm biases were due to overestimation of shortwave radiation. In the Indian Ocean and Southern Ocean, the surface fresh biases were mainly due to the biases of precipitation. In the tropical Pacific Ocean, the surface fresh biases (>2 psu) were mainly caused by excessive precipitation and oceanic advection. In the Indo-Pacific Ocean, fresh biases were also found to dominate in the upper 1000 m, except in the northeastern Indian Ocean. There were warm and salty biases (3°C–4°C and 1–2 psu) from the surface to the bottom in the Labrador Sea, which might be due to large amounts of heat transport and excessive evaporation, respectively. For vertical structures, the maximal biases of temperature and salinity were found to be located at depths of >600 m in the Arctic Ocean, and their values exceeded 4°C and 2 psu, respectively.  相似文献   

Holocene migration of oceanic front systems over the Conrad Rise in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean     

Kota Katsuki  Minoru Ikehara  Yusuke Yokoyama  Masako Yamane  Boo‐Keun Khim 《第四纪科学杂志》2012,27(2):203-210

There has been limited previous research about Holocene climate variability in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean. Here we examine centennial‐scale changes in diatom assemblages and stable isotopic ratios since 10 000 cal a BP in a high‐accumulation‐rate sediment core from the Conrad Rise. Although abundances of dominant diatom taxa (Fragilariopsis kerguelensis and Thalassiothrix antarctica) are comparatively constant, relative abundances of secondary taxa fluctuate. Before c. 9900 cal a BP, winter sea‐ice and cold water covered the Conrad Rise. Following deglaciation the sea‐ice retreated from the Conrad Rise, lagging that of the Atlantic and eastern Indian Sectors by about 1500 a. The Polar Front moved southward during the early Holocene optimum and north Antarctic Zone waters covered the Conrad Rise for about 650 a. After 9300 cal a BP, solar insolation strongly influenced sea surface temperature and primary productivity in the Southern Ocean. In the high‐latitude Indian Sector, productivity increased 1500 a after the onset of late Holocene neoglaciation. Periodic δ¹⁸O and cold‐water diatom taxa spikes (at intervals of 200 and 300–500 a, respectively) occurred after 9300 cal a BP, probably associated with solar activity. Fluctuations in short‐term sea surface temperature and cold‐water taxa are synchronous with changes in δD observed in an east Antarctic ice core. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

加勒比板块多学科研究综述及其对地震预测的启示     

李玉江  邵志刚  季灵运  陈连旺 《地震》2017,37(2):17-31

2010年1月12日海地M_W7.0地震打破了Enriquillo断层近240余年的地震平静期, 可能意味着加勒比地区新的活跃周期的到来。 本文通过收集该地区地质构造演化、 地球物理场、 发震构造、 震源物理、 运动学特征及应力场演化等方面的研究成果, 分析由于海地地震的发生所带来的区域地震危险性等相关认识的改变。 通过对多学科资料的梳理, 分析利用多学科研究成果开展加勒比地区地震危险性分析的基本思路, 以期为未来的中国大陆区域动力学模型构建、 地震预测预报研究提供基础参考。  相似文献   

海南岛新生代玄武质熔岩源区中再循环物质及其年龄的限定:来自Hf-Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的制约     

梅盛旺  任钟元 《大地构造与成矿学》2019,43(5):1036-1051

再循环洋壳和沉积物在壳.幔循环过程中扮演着重要的角色。前人研究指出板片俯冲与海南地幔柱形成关系密切,然而地幔柱源区中是否存在再循环沉积物仍然不得而知。本文将首次报导海南岛新生代玄武质熔岩的Hf同位素,并将新的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素与前人数据相结合,限定再循环物质的组成及其年龄。与同位素地幔趋势相比,给定εNd时,海南岛玄武质熔岩的εHf值更低;而且Eu/Eu*>1、Sr/Sr*>1,与Al2O3、MgO都不存在相关性,说明Eu和Sr的正异常是继承了源区的特征,指示源区中存在再循环洋壳物质的参与。海南岛玄武质熔岩的Ce/Pb与εNd、εHf呈正相关关系,Nd/Pb与87Sr/86Sr呈负相关关系,它们都指向了沉积物端元。根据εHf-εNd模型和Pb同位素演化模型,推断源区中再循环洋壳和沉积物相对年轻,其年龄应小于1.0Ga。这些再循环洋壳和沉积物将进入深部地幔,并与地幔中的橄榄岩反应形成二阶段辉石岩,随着海南地幔柱不断上升而发生熔融,最终熔体喷发至地表形成海南岛玄武质熔岩。  相似文献   

南海经济圈的提出与探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于文金  邹欣庆  朱大奎 《地域研究与开发》2008,27(1):6-10

21世纪是海洋经济时代,以海洋为联系纽带的区域经济持续活跃.首次提出南海经济圈的概念,阐述了南海经济圈产生的条件,分析了其构成要素及产生的必然性,并对其未来发展进行了预测.分析认为,南海可能成为另一个波斯湾或北海油田.南海海岸带的砂矿资源丰富,港口众多,航道发达.区域内各国家近几年经济发展迅速,整体发展速度达4.5%,区域经济依存度增强.南海区域各国之间的经济差异性显著,互补性强,次区域经济体日趋活跃,各种经济要素流动性加强,经济圈条件日渐成熟,南海经济圈初显端倪.  相似文献   

论青藏高原及邻区板片构造的一个新模式   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

李荫槐 《地球物理学进展》2009,24(5):1566-1581

本文首先论述了板块学说提出的过程和存在的一些不足与疑问,特别是该学说将Holmes（1948）的地幔热对流说作为驱使岩石圈板块运动的动力机制.而后又以青藏高原及邻区为例,根据区域地质、蛇绿岩和地质构造研究的成果,特别是地震测深研究的成果,详细地论证了本区不存在有大洋中脊扩张成为大洋盆地的新大洋和大洋板块简单的B型俯冲模式,但存在有海底扩张的陆间海和海洋地壳板片（蛇绿岩构造岩片）的仰冲以及大陆岩石圈板片复杂的A型俯冲新模式.新模式不是以地幔对流运动,而是以扩张分离A型俯冲的大陆岩石圈板片与软流圈之间的水平剪切相对运动机制作为它的躯动力.  相似文献